Fermions are a type of elementary particle. They have 1/2 spin, and obey Fermi-Dirac statistics.
One of the defining properties that distinguishes fermions from bosons is that no two fermions may share a quantum state. As quantum state includes dimensions, no two fermion particles can occupy the same space. Bosons, on the other hand, can share quantum states with other particles, meaning multiple bosons can be in the same space at once.
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